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KMID : 1225720150070010044
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Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research : AAIR
2015 Volume.7 No. 1 p.44 ~ p.50
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The Burden of Rhinitis and Rhinoconjunctivitis in Adolescents
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Cibella Fabio
Ferrante Giuliana
Cuttitta Giuseppina
Bucchieri Salvatore
Melis Mario R
Grutta Stefania La
Viegi Giovanni
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Abstract
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Purpose: Rhinitis and conjunctivitis are common diseases worldwide that are frequently associated. Nevertheless, the risk factors for rhinoconjunctivitis are not well-described and the impact of conjunctivitis on rhinitis and asthma in children remains unknown. This study explored the different risk factors and evaluated the burden of rhinoconjunctivitis among adolescents.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on a random sample of schoolchildren, aged 10-17 years, using skin prick tests and a self-administered questionnaire on respiratory health investigating the impact of rhinitis and rhinoconjunctivitis on daily activities.
Results: A complete evaluation was obtained for 2,150 children. The prevalence of rhinitis alone was 18.2% and rhinitis associated with conjunctivitis was 20.5%. Rhinoconjunctivitis was more frequently associated with females, a parental history of atopy, domestic exposure to mold/dampness, passive smoke exposure, and reported truck traffic in residential streets. Moreover, rhinoconjunctivitis was associated with a higher level of allergic sensitization. The prevalence of current asthma was 1.7% in subjects without rhinitis or rhinoconjunctivitis, 5.1% in rhinitis and 10.7% in rhinoconjunctivitis. In a logistic model, rhinoconjunctivitis yielded a 2-fold risk for current asthma with respect to rhinitis. Subjects with rhinoconjunctivitis had poorer quality of life (QoL); there was an impact on daily activities in 4.6% of rhinitis and 10.7% of rhinoconjunctivitis.
Conclusions: Ocular symptoms increase the role of rhinitis as a risk factor for asthma and its impact on daily activities in children.
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KEYWORD
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Rhinitis, conjunctivitis, epidemiology, asthma, children
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